python类和函数中使用静态变量的方法

class foo:
  def __init__(self, n=0):
    self.n = n
  def __call__(self, i):
    self.n += i
    return self.n
a=foo()
print a(1)
print a(2)
print a(3)
print a(4)

def foo2 (n=0):
  class acc:
    def __init__ (self, s):
      self.s = s
    def inc (self, i):
      self.s += i
      return self.s
  return acc (n).inc
a=foo2()
print a(1)
print a(2)
print a(3)
print a(4)

def foo3 (i, L=[]):
  if len(L)==0:
    L.append(0)
  L[0]+=i
  return L[0]
 
print foo3(1)
print foo3(2)
print foo3(3)
print foo3(4)

1 
3 
6 
10