django使用haystack调用Elasticsearch实现索引搜索

sudo docker load -i elasticsearch-ik-2.4.6_docker.tar

network.host: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

docker run -d -p 9200:9200 --network=host --name=elasticsearch -v /var/elasticsearch-2.4.6/config:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config delron/elasticsearch-ik:2.4.6-1.0

curl 'http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9200/' # IP地址是ElasticSearch的IP

pip install drf-haystack # 因为该项目是用DRF写的前后端分离，所以安装的是drf-haystack。如果不用DRF的话，安装的是django-haystack
pip install elasticsearch==2.4.1

  INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'haystack',
    ...
  ]

  # 配置haystack全文检索框架
  HAYSTACK_CONNECTIONS = {
    'default': {
      'ENGINE': 'haystack.backends.elasticsearch_backend.ElasticsearchSearchEngine',
      # 此处为elasticsearch运行的服务器ip地址，端口号默认为9200
      'URL': 'http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9200/', 
      # 指定elasticsearch建立的索引库的名称
      'INDEX_NAME': 'meiduo', 
    },
  }
  # 当添加、修改、删除数据时，自动更新索引
  HAYSTACK_SIGNAL_PROCESSOR = 'haystack.signals.RealtimeSignalProcessor'

# goods(应用名)/search_indexes.py  # search_indexes名字不能改，固定
from haystack import indexes
from .models import SKU

class SKUIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable):
  """
  SKU索引类
  """  # text表示被查询的字段，用户搜索的是这些字段的值，具体被索引的字段写在另一个文件里。
  text = indexes.CharField(document=True, use_template=True)

  # 保存在索引库中的字段
  id = indexes.IntegerField(model_attr='id')
  name = indexes.CharField(model_attr='name')
  price = indexes.DecimalField(model_attr='price')
  default_image_url = indexes.CharField(model_attr='default_image_url')
  comments = indexes.IntegerField(model_attr='comments')

  def get_model(self):
    """返回建立索引的模型类"""
    return SKU

  def index_queryset(self, using=None):
    """返回要建立索引的数据查询集"""
    return self.get_model().objects.filter(is_launched=True)

# templates/search/indexes/goods(应用名)/sku_text.txt  # 路径和名字是固定的
{{ object.name }}
{{ object.caption }}
{{ object.id }}

python manage.py rebuild_index

from drf_haystack.serializers import HaystackSerializer

class SKUIndexSerializer(HaystackSerializer):
  """
  SKU索引结果数据序列化器
  """
  class Meta:
    index_classes = [SKUIndex]
    fields = ('text', 'id', 'name', 'price', 'default_image_url', 'comments')

from drf_haystack.viewsets import HaystackViewSet

class SKUSearchViewSet(HaystackViewSet):  # HaystackViewSet继承了RetrieveModelMixin, ListModelMixin, ViewSetMixin, HaystackGenericAPIView，所以可以查一条或多条数据
  """
  SKU搜索
  HaystackViewSet： 查一条，查多条
  """
  index_models = [SKU]
  serializer_class = SKUIndexSerializer

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register('skus/search', views.SKUSearchViewSet, base_name='skus_search')
...
urlpatterns += router.urls